Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common form of primary inflammatory arthritis, where the immune system mistakenly targets the lining of the joints. This leads to pain, swelling and stiffness, particularly in the hands, wrists and feet, and symptoms are often worse first thing in the morning or after rest. Unlike osteoarthritis, which relates to “wear and tear,” RA involves ongoing inflammation that can damage joints if untreated. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, examination, blood tests (such as rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies) and, where needed, ultrasound or MRI to assess joint inflammation. With early specialist treatment, including modern targeted therapies, most people can control inflammation, protect joint health and maintain long-term mobility and quality of life.